Tyrannosaurus Rex: Scary. Smart. Social?

A new fossil site in Utah reopens an old debate about whether T. rex and its ancestors lived in complex social groups. 

By Eric Betz
Apr 12, 2019 5:00 AMDec 20, 2019 10:41 PM
Teratophoneus curriei - Mark Witton
Before Tyrannosaurus rex, numerous other tyrannosaurs called North America home, including Teratophoneus curriei (shown). A recently found group of fossils may belong to the species. (Credit: Mark Witton)

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A truck barrels down a dusty desert road in southern Utah’s vast Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, speeding through canyons and along cliffs toward a towering sandstone formation known as the Kaiparowits Plateau. Alan Titus, a Bureau of Land Management paleontologist here for nearly 20 years, is behind the wheel, his shaggy hair flapping in the July wind as Led Zeppelin blasts from the speakers.

Titus stops the truck on a shrubby hill. With his passenger, University of North Florida paleontologist Barry Albright, he sets off on a small foot path into the high desert.

The two men, longtime friends and collaborators, are heading to the scene of a catastrophe — and, possibly, the biggest find of Titus’ decades-long career.

Paleontologist Alan Titus surveys the vast landscape of southern Utah from the Kaiparowits Plateau, part of the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument. The area is rich in fossil remains from the Late Cretaceous Period — including what may be a family group of tyrannosaurs. (Credit: Jake Bacon)

In 2014, Titus was prospecting for dinosaurs when he kicked over a bit of bone beside a scraggly old juniper tree. It was a piece of skull from a tyrannosaur — animals that include Tyrannosaurus rex and dozens of related and ancestral species. Since that chance find, Titus and his team have recovered remains from four tyrannosaurs — an adult, a teenager and two juveniles — from a site about 1,000 square feet in size. Titus thinks these tyrannosaurs died together some 76 million years ago during the Cretaceous Period. If he’s right, it could confirm a controversial idea about one of the most iconic dinosaurs that ever lived.

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