How Has Neurodivergence Shaped Human History?

Did some famous people throughout history have ADHD? Researchers explain why yes, some could have been neurodivergent and why the traits may be increasing today.

By Carina Woudenberg
Aug 21, 2024 1:00 PM
Illustration of ADHD
(Credit: The img/Shutterstock)

Newsletter

Sign up for our email newsletter for the latest science news
 

While the American Psychiatric Association only formally recognized attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) in the late 1960s, the traits associated with the now commonly diagnosed conditions are embodied by famous individuals throughout history.

Famous People in History with ADHD

Alexander the Great, for example, was born in 356 B.C.E. and was the ancient Macedonian king known for his bold conquests and impulsive acts.

“Probably by today's standards [he] would have ADHD,” says Nikki Childrose, associate professor of history at Columbia-Greene Community College in Hudson, New York.

Then there’s Hannibal Barca, who was famous for crossing the Alps in 218 B.C.E. Childrose credits the Carthaginian general’s grit likely a form of hyperfocus – for taking his motivation to an extreme level.

0 free articles left
Want More? Get unlimited access for as low as $1.99/month

Already a subscriber?

Register or Log In

0 free articlesSubscribe
Discover Magazine Logo
Want more?

Keep reading for as low as $1.99!

Subscribe

Already a subscriber?

Register or Log In

Stay Curious

Sign up for our weekly newsletter and unlock one more article for free.

 

View our Privacy Policy


Want more?
Keep reading for as low as $1.99!


Log In or Register

Already a subscriber?
Find my Subscription

More From Discover
Stay Curious
Join
Our List

Sign up for our weekly science updates.

 
Subscribe
To The Magazine

Save up to 40% off the cover price when you subscribe to Discover magazine.

Copyright © 2025 LabX Media Group