I still didn’t know what caused Mrs. Chee’s first-ever potassium overload. I did know that she had denied eating anything on the list of forbidden, high-potassium foods. But potassium is everywhere, and “dietary indiscretion” is usually the best—and only—explanation we get.
Mrs. Chee was laughing and chatting with her family. Three hours later, off my radar screen, she was set to be transferred to a ward upstairs.
Then all hell broke loose.
Brenda came running. “She’s doing it again. The EKG thing.”
My stomach tightened. Sure enough, across the room Mrs. Chee once again lay moaning, barely conscious.
On the monitor, the roller coaster was back. Dr. Chee stood by, comforting his mother.
“Brenda, another amp of calcium,” I called out.
All eyes were on the IV. The calcium went in cleanly. We watched the monitor, expecting another presto! moment. Nothing.
“More insulin and glucose,” I ordered. “And bicarb.”
This alkaline solution pulls acid ions out of cells and drives potassium in. The EKG remained slurred. When we retested her potassium, the result was even higher than the first test.
Mrs. Chee gasped for breath, her wizened head bobbing with the effort. The distress resulted from fluid overload of the medications we’d injected. Because her kidneys didn’t work, the large volume of fluid had nowhere to go but her lungs.
I pushed a second dose of calcium. Minutes later, Mrs. Chee’s right hand turned a sickening purplish-red color. I rechecked the IV: no leak, so no tissue damage, right? My face went hot and flushed. Were arteries going into spasm and blocking blood flow, or was this tissue dying? Was this latest problem my fault?
Addressing this had to take a backseat to getting Mrs. Chee breathing regularly. We gave her asthma medication to dilate her airways, and she seemed to settle down. A gaggle of specialists gathered around her.
“Give her all the Kayexalate by enema you can,” the nephrologist told the nurses. “I’ll get her set up for dialysis.”
The plastic surgeon took a look at Mrs. Chee’s hand, now frozen into a blistered claw. Always upbeat, he proclaimed, “I think we can help.”
The nephrologist tried to start dialysis, but the arteriovenous shunt in her left arm had clotted, probably due to her initial low blood pressure.
The sickening feeling of being in a skidding car jolted me. Were we going to lose her? Her son, glued to his mother’s side, remained equable and helpful. I tried to do the same. We took her from the ER to the intensive care unit.
“This hand can’t wait,” the surgeon announced. Luckily, ugly EKG aside, her blood pressure was holding steady. In the operating room, he cut into the fascia, the tough wrapping of the forearm muscles. The underlying flesh puffed out. Immediately, her three middle fingers pinked up. Because of her tiny veins and sluggish blood flow, the local calcium concentration had gotten too high and caused tissue swelling, compressing the arteries into her hand.
Back in the intensive care unit, other surgeons managed to get large-bore lines into the vein under her collarbone to use for dialysis.
Somehow, she pulled through the night.
The next morning, I ran upstairs. Mrs. Chee’s brave smile greeted me.
I was still puzzling over what went wrong, but her son had solved the mystery for me. “Durian fruit,” he explained. “It’s a brown spiky thing with a smell some people can’t stand. Great delicacy in Southeast Asia. Chock-full of potassium. Almost three or four times as much as in a banana, which in someone her size. . .” He shook his head. “She had one the night before.”
“That’s why the potassium kept rising, even after everything we gave her,” I said. “She had a potassium pump in her gut.”
Six weeks later, Mrs. Chee and her son paid a visit. Her hand, except for the tips of the pinkie and index fingers, looked better. I hadn’t destroyed it after all.
She had been tough through it all. Now she was gracious. Her son translated for her, “She says thanks for saving her life.”
Tony Dajer is interim chief of the emergency department at New York Downtown Hospital. The cases described in Vital Signs are real, but the authors have changed patients' names and other details to protect their privacy.