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Propellers, Waves and Gaps: Cassini’s Last Looks at Saturn’s Rings

Though Cassini's mission ended in 2017, researchers are still combing through the data.

Cassini’s view of Saturn on January 2, 2010.Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute

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Since Cassini plunged into Saturn’s atmosphere in 2017, ending its 13-year mission, scientists have continued to comb through the rich store of data it sent back, especially during its last year, when it dove closer to Saturn’s rings than ever before.

Among the findings are a deep look at the complex ring system, which hid more structure than scientists expected, including “straw-like” texture, tiny gaps shaped like propellers, and wavy, sculpted edges to the rings. Scientists still don’t know what causes some of these structures, something we may need to wait until the next big Saturn mission to find out.

Among the more concrete findings, scientists have realized the rings are less massive by half than they thought, and also that the rings are possibly quite young ⁠— maybe as young as 10 million years. This has big implications for how the ring system formed, and how it continues to ...

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